摘要：提出了一种改进的基于高频旋转电压注入的离线参数辨识方法，可以同时辨识永磁同步电机的定子电阻、电感与转子磁极初始位置并基本保持转子不动。该方法给定子注入高频旋转电压，产生的电流中含有结构凸极效应或者饱和凸极效应引起的转子磁极位置信息和直轴磁路非线性饱和引起的转子磁极极性信息。设计转子磁极位置信息提取方法与闭环调节结构，实现了转子磁极初次辨识角度跟踪；同时设计转子磁极极性信息提取方法，实现转子磁极极性判断。待闭环跟踪稳定后，通过提取感应共模信息与差模信息来测量定子电感，消除了直轴磁路非线性饱和对直轴电感检测的影响。最后，在转子磁极方向注入恒定电压，采用两点式伏安法测量定子电阻，消除了脉宽调制中死区与窄脉冲限制对定子电阻检测的影响。该方法实现了转子无转动离线辨识定子电阻、电感与转子磁极初始位置，并且在空载、满载和堵转情况下均适用。Matlab仿真与永磁同步电机实验验证了该方法的优越性能。

关键词：永磁同步电机; 矢量控制; 转子磁极初始位置; 高频旋转电压注入; 定子电阻与电感
Abstract: An advanced offline parameter identification strategy based on high frequency rotating voltage injection (HFRVI) was proposed for identifying stator resistance, inductance and initial rotor position in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) without rotor movement. As injecting HF rotating voltage into the stator coils, the response current includes rotor position information caused by interior PMSM′s spatial saliency or surface-mounted PMSM′s saturation saliency, and the polarity information caused by nonlinear saturation of direct-axis magnet field. A closed loop scheme for rotor position tracking and polarity detecting was designed. When the closed loop goes steady, the induction common mode information and difference mode information were used to detecting the direct-axis and quadrature-axis inductance, where the impact on d-axis inductance sensing by nonlinear saturation of direct-axis magnet field was eliminated. Finally, stator resistance was calculated with two-point volt-amp method by injecting steady voltage on the rotor position, which eliminated the impact of the dead-band and least-pulse-width limitation in pulse width modulation (PWM). This strategy can achieve stator resistance, inductance and initial rotor position without rotor movement, wherever at no load, full load or locked-rotor case. Both Matlab simulation and experiment taken on interior PMSM show its excellent performance.

Key words: permanent magnet synchronous motor; vector control; initial rotor position; high frequency rotating voltage injection; stator resistance and inductance